ENGLISH TENSES & MODAL VERBS REVIEW
2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS (Presente continuo)
Uso:
Se usa para hablar de acciones que están ocurriendo ahora o planes futuros cercanos.
Palabras clave: now, right now, at the moment, today, this week…
Estructura:
- Afirmativa: Subject + am/is/are + verb + -ing
→ They are studying English. - Negativa: Subject + am/is/are not + verb + -ing
→ I am not watching TV. - Interrogativa: Am/Is/Are + subject + verb + -ing?
→ Is she working today?
💬 Ejemplos:
✅ I am reading a book.
✅ She is talking to her friend.
❌ We aren’t doing homework now.
❓ Are you listening?
3. PAST SIMPLE (Pasado simple)
Uso:
Se usa para hablar de acciones terminadas en el pasado.
Palabras clave: yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 2010…
Estructura:
- Afirmativa: Subject + past verb (regular +ed / irregular form)
→ I watched a movie. / She went to school. - Negativa: Subject + didn’t + base verb
→ He didn’t play soccer. - Interrogativa: Did + subject + base verb?
→ Did you study yesterday?
💬 Ejemplos:
✅ I visited my grandma yesterday.
✅ He bought a new phone.
❌ They didn’t go to the park.
❓ Did you see the movie?
4. PAST CONTINUOUS (Pasado continuo)
Uso:
Se usa para hablar de acciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento específico del pasado, o para acciones interrumpidas.
Palabras clave: while, when, at 7 p.m., yesterday at this time…
Estructura:
- Afirmativa: Subject + was/were + verb + -ing
→ I was reading a book. - Negativa: Subject + wasn’t/weren’t + verb + -ing
→ They weren’t watching TV. - Interrogativa: Was/Were + subject + verb + -ing?
→ Were you sleeping?
💬 Ejemplos:
✅ I was cooking when you called.
✅ They were playing soccer at 5 p.m.
❌ He wasn’t studying last night.
❓ Was she crying?
5. FUTURE SIMPLE (Futuro simple)
Uso:
Se usa para hablar de decisiones espontáneas, predicciones, promesas o planes futuros.
Palabras clave: tomorrow, next week, soon, in the future…
Estructura:
- Afirmativa: Subject + will + base verb
→ I will travel to Paris. - Negativa: Subject + will not (won’t) + base verb
→ She won’t come to the party. - Interrogativa: Will + subject + base verb?
→ Will you help me?
💬 Ejemplos:
I will study for the test.
We will visit our grandparents.
He won’t eat vegetables.
Will they arrive soon?
6. MODAL VERBS (Verbos modales)
CAN – Poder / saber hacer algo
- Uso: habilidad o permiso.
→ I can swim. / Can I go out?
MUST – Deber (obligación fuerte / regla)
- Uso: obligación o necesidad.
→ You must wear a uniform.
HAVE TO – Tener que (obligación externa)
- Uso: algo que alguien o una situación impone.
→ I have to do my homework.
SHOULD – Debería (consejo)
- Uso: dar sugerencias o recomendaciones.
→ You should eat healthy food.
Ejemplos comparativos:
Modal | Significado | Ejemplo |
Can | habilidad / permiso | She can dance very well. |
Must | obligación fuerte | You must study for the exam. |
Have to | obligación externa | I have to go to school every day. |
Should | consejo | You should sleep more. |
